Fig. 5

Effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on apoptotic signaling and epithelial barrier function in pancreatic ductal organoids and epithelial monolayers. A Transcript levels of cytokine receptors. B Caspase 3/7 activity in epithelial monolayers after 20 h exposure to cytokines. Each data point represents one technical replicate. Statistical analysis: ANOVA. ^aP = 0.04, ^bP = 0.02, compared to untreated. C Cleavage of caspase 3 in organoids upon incubation with IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α was assessed by Western blot analysis. Detection of β-actin served as a loading control. D FITC-dextran transport across epithelial monolayers in the presence or absence of IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α. Data represent the FITC-dextran levels in the contra-luminal compartment, relative to the concentration in the luminal compartment at the start of the experiment. Each data point represents one technical replicate. E Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) of epithelial monolayers mounted in Ussing chambers, in the presence or absence of IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α. Each data point represents one technical replicate. Statistical analysis: t-test