Fig. 1

Overview of epitranscriptomic modifications in viral infections. This schematic represents the interplay between viral infection and RNA modifications. The top half of the figure illustrates the process of viral infection leading to the modification of both viral and cellular RNA, encompassing key RNA processes such as translation, replication, stability, nuclear export, splicing, viral assembly, host response, and viral release. The role of m⁶A modification is highlighted, showing its addition (writers), recognition (readers), and removal (erasers). The bottom half details various modifications found on viral and cellular RNA, including m⁶A, A-I (adenosine-to-inosine editing), m¹A, ψ (pseudouridine), m⁷G, Nm (2′-o-methylation), and m⁵C, indicating the diverse epitranscriptomic landscape that viruses and cells navigate during infection. The figure was created using BioRender (BioRender.com)