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Fig. 1 | Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

Fig. 1

From: Hypoxia protects against the cell death triggered by oxovanadium–galactomannan complexes in HepG2 cells

Fig. 1

MSAGM:VO induced apoptosis in normoxia but not in hypoxia in HepG2 cells. a Cells were seeded at the same density and incubated in normoxia (Nx) or hypoxia (Hx 1%) in the absence or presence of MSAGM or MSAGM:VO for 72 h. The means ± SEM are representative of three independent experiments carried out in duplicate. b Cell viability (%) of HepG2 cultured in the absence (Control), or presence of MSAGM or MSAGM:VO for 24 h (day 1), 48 h (day 2) or 72 h (day 3) in (Nx) or (Hx) was measured with an automatic cell counter. c HepG2 cells were incubated in Nx or Hx 1% for 24 h (day 1) or 72 h (day 3) and challenged with MSAGM or MSAGM:VO. Apoptosis was evaluated from the level of caspase-7. d HepG2 cells were incubated in Nx for 72 h with MSAGM:VO in the absence or presence of Z-VAD-FMK, an inhibitor of apoptosis. Apoptosis was evaluated from the level of caspase-7. e HepG2 cells were incubated in Nx or Hx for 72 h and challenged with MSAGM:VO. Cells were stained with DAPI (blue) to highlight the nucleus and its morphology. Arrows show blebbing in HepG2 cells in Nx in the presence of MSAGM:VO. DAPI: 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; RLU: relative luciferase units. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.005, ***p < 0.0005

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