On the physiological and cellular homeostasis of ascorbate

Table 1 Electrical membrane potentials and pH for selected organelles and their effect on the local ascorbate concentration assuming that its concentration in the cytoplasm equals 1 mM [6, 33, 37,38,39,40,41,42]

Membrane	Membrane potential	pH	\( {\boldsymbol{C}}_{\boldsymbol{asc}}^{\boldsymbol{el}}\left[\boldsymbol{mM}\right] \)^a	\( {\boldsymbol{C}}_{\boldsymbol{asc}}^{\boldsymbol{pH}}\left[\boldsymbol{mM}\right] \)^a
Lysosome	+ 20 mV	5	2.2	0,006
Endosome	+ 70 mV	7	9	1
Mitochondria	(−150 mV) - (− 180 mV)	8	0.003	6.3
Golgi	+ 30 mV	6–6.7	3.2	0,2
Nucleus	+ 3 0 mV	7.2	3.2	1

^aThe hypothetical ascorbate concentration was calculated for a single factor pH or electrical membrane potential,\( {C}_{asc}^{pH}\left[ mM\right]\ \mathrm{and}\ {C}_{asc}^{el}\left[ mM\right] \), respectively

ISSN: 1689-1392