Fig. 1From: The nuclear receptor 4A family members: mediators in human disease and autophagyThe three main types of autophagy in mammalian cells. Microautophagy: small pieces of the cytoplasm are directly engulfed by lysosomal or late endosomal membranes. Chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA): unfolded proteins are directly transported across the lysosomal membrane. Macroautophagy: Cytosolic double-membrane autophagosomes form to sequester and transport cargo to the lysosomeBack to article page