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Fig. 3 | Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

Fig. 3

From: β-acetoxyisovaleryl alkannin (AAN-II) from Alkanna tinctoria promotes the healing of pressure-induced venous ulcers in a rabbit model through the activation of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling

Fig. 3

AAN-II enhances activation of the TGF-β1/SMADs signaling pathways during ulcer healing. A The IPA analysis of AAN-II treatment-related DEG interaction network. B – Gene ontology analysis was done using a bioinformatics-based approach. C, D TGF-β1 and its downstream proteins p-Smad3, Smad3 and Smad7 were measured via western blotting in different groups. Data are representative of 3 independent experiments, shown as ratios of these proteins to GAPDH and presented as means ± SEM. *p < 0.05 compared with the control group. #p < 0.05 compared with the ulcer group. E, F TGF-β1 and its downstream proteins p-Smad3, Smad3 and Smad7 were measured via western blotting in different groups with or without TGF-β knockdown or AAN-II treatment. Data are representative of 3 independent experiments, shown as ratios of these proteins to GAPDH and presented as means ± SEM. *p < 0.05 compared with the TGF-β knockdown group

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Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

ISSN: 1689-1392

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