Fig. 6

Overexpression of Atg12 in Tet-On-PADI2 Jurkat T cells enhances autophagy and inhibits ER stress and apoptosis. The Tet-On-PADI2 Jurkat T cells with pCMV-empty or pCMV-Atg12 plasmids were treated with 50 µM Dox for 24 h. A The viability of non-overexpressing Atg12 Tet-On-PADI2 cells and overexpressing Atg12 Tet-On-PADI2 cells in the presence of 50 µM Dox is presented as the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (***p < 0.001). The p value in was determined by one-way ANOVA. B The bar graph illustrates the percentages of Atg12-non-overexpressing and Atg12-overexpressing Tet-On-PADI2 cells with autophagosomes (orange bars) or apoptotic bodies (green bars) following 24 h treatment with 50 µM Dox. The data are presented as the mean ± SEM of three separate experiments (***p < 0.001). The p value in was calculated by one-way ANOVA. C Proteins extracted from Atg12-non-overexpressing and Atg12-overexpressing Tet-On-PADI2 cell were detected using antibodies against PADI2, Atg5–Atg12, LC3B, p62, and β-actin. D Proteins extracted from Atg12-non-overexpressing and Atg12-overexpressing Tet-On-PADI2 cell were detected using antibodies against cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-PARP, p-PERK, p-eIF2α, and β-actin, respectively. The value indicates the ratio of protein signal to β-actin signal