Table 2 CRISPR/Cas9 applications in treatment of infectious disease
From: CRISPR/Cas9 application in cancer therapy: a pioneering genome editing tool
Virus type | Target gene | Cell/animal | Delivery method | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HPV-16 | E7 | SiHa, Caski, C33A, and HEK293 cell lines | Plasmid | Induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell growth | [276] |
HPV-16 | E7 | Mice | PEGylated liposome | Elimination of established tumors in immunocompetent mice | [277] |
HIV-1 | LTR | Jurkat cells and HeLa cell line | Plasmid | Efficient cleavage of LTR target sites | [278] |
HPV-16 | E6, E7 | Mice | Plasmid | Activation of p53 and pRB signaling pathways, leading to impaired tumor growth | [279] |
HBV | Various sites | Huh-7 cell line Mice | Plasmid | Clearance of intrahepatic HBV templates in vivo | [280] |
HPV-16 | E6, E7 | SiHa and C33-A cell lines Mice | Plasmids Lipofectamine | Upregulation of p53 and p21 expression, leading to reduced tumor growth | [281] |
HBV | Pcsk9 | HEK293T cell line Mice | AAV | Reducing the HBV viral loads | [282] |
HIV-1 | LTR U3, T, and R region | HEK293T cell line | Lentivirus | Enabling prolonged adaptive defense versus new viral infection | [283] |
HBV | Various sites | HEK293T-C, -Pol, and -S cell lines | Lipofectamine 3000 Lentivirus | Inhibition of viral gene expression | [284] |
HPV-16 | E7 | SiHa and Hela cell lines, mice | Plasmids | Inhibition of tumor growth in nude mice | [285] |
HIV-1 | LTR U3 region | MEFs Mice and Rats | Lentivirus | Attenuation of HIV-1 replication | [286] |
HIV-1 | CCR5 | HEK293T cells, TZM.bl cells, and CEMss-CCR5 cells | Lentivirus | CCR5 KO cells showed remarkable resistance to R5-tropic HIV-1 | [287] |
HPV-18 | E6, E7 | HeLa cell lines | Plasmids | Induction of pRb/p21 pathway resulted in senescence | [288] |
HPV-16 | E6, E7 | Mice | AAV | Robust and selective decrease in tumor growth | [289] |
HIV-1 | CXCR4 | Ghost-CXCR4 cells, Jurkat cells, and primary human CD4+ T cells | Lentivirus | Resistance to HIV infection | [51] |
HPV-18 | E6, E7 | HeLa cell line | Plasmid | Reduced cancer cell proliferation | [290] |
HIV-1 | LTR | Latent microglial cells | Magnetic delivery | Deterring the latent HIV-1 infection in | [291] |
HPV-16 | E6/E7 | SiHa cell line | Lipofectamine | Synergistic antitumor effect of E6/E7 KO using CRISPR system with PD1 inhibitors of cancer cell | [63] |
HPV-18 | E7 | Hela cell line Mice | Micelle delivery, Lipofectamine | Reducing the HPV-induced cancerous activity | [292] |
HIV-1 | CCR5 | iPSCs | PiggyBac transposon vectors | Resistance to HIV infection | [293] |
HIV-1 | LTR | HEK293T TZM-bl cells | Plasmid | Suppressing HIV-1 replication | [294] |
HIV-1 | CXCR4 | TZM-bl cells | Lipofectamine 2000 | Reduced HIV-1 replication | [295] |
HPV-18 | E6 | HeLa, HCS-2, and SKG-I cell lines Mice | AAV | Improvement of p53 expression, leading to induction of apoptosis and negative regulation of tumor growth | [296] |