Fig. 2

LIPUS promoted the proliferation, EVs secretion and anti-inflammatory effects of BMSCs. A Flow cytometry analysis of cell apoptosis for C-BMSCs and LIPUS-BMSCs. B Protein and mRNA expression of Alix, HGS and YBX-1 measured by western blotting and qPCR. C Protein and mRNA expression of LRP5 and MYC measured by western blotting and qPCR. D Protein and mRNA level of IL-8, NF-κB and TNF-α detected by western blot and qPCR, respectively. Error bars represent mean ± SD (n = 3 per group). ns p > 0.05, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Statistical significance assessed by unpaired two-tailed t-test. EVs, extracellular vesicles