Fig. 3

Analysis and ranking of candidate gene expression to determine the most stable reference genes in proliferation and adipogenesis. a and b – GeNorm analysis showing the stability value M of candidate reference genes in proliferating (a) and differentiating (b) ASCs. Lower values indicate more stable genes, higher values indicate less stable genes. c and d – NormFinder analysis showing the most stable reference genes in proliferating (c) and differentiating (d) ASCs. Lower values indicate more stable genes, higher values indicate less stable genes. e and f – BestKeeper analysis showing the most stable reference genes (based on their Pearson correlation coefficient) for proliferation (e) and differentiation (f). Higher values indicate more stable genes, lower values indicate less stable genes. p < 0.001 (exceptions: proliferation: RPS18 p = 0.002; adipogenesis: GUSB p = 0.03, MRPL19 p = 0.003). g – Effects of appropriate (green) and inappropriate (red) reference genes on the relative expressions of adipogenic marker genes in the course of adipogenesis are shown