Fig. 2

Relationship between MAFLD and the GPR119/incretin axis. When GPR119 is activated by different ligands, it leads to an increase in cAMP and combines with PKA to secrete incretins. After further activating the corresponding receptor, it can improve the disease characteristics in MAFLD through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. AC, adenylyl cyclase. cAMP, cyclic AMP. PKA, protein kinase A. ERK1/2, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1 and 2