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Fig. 1 | Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

Fig. 1

From: β-acetoxyisovaleryl alkannin (AAN-II) from Alkanna tinctoria promotes the healing of pressure-induced venous ulcers in a rabbit model through the activation of TGF-β/Smad3 signaling

Fig. 1

AAN-II facilitates ulcer healing by suppressing the development of inflammation in pressure-induced venous ulcers in a rabbit model. A Gross observation was performed to determine the pathological skin changes in the three groups. Representative images are shown (n = 10). B The ulcer area (cm2) was calculated on days 7 and 14 and the values are expressed as means ± SEM. *p < 0.05 compared with the control group. #p < 0.05 compared with the ulcer group. C Percentage of ulcer healing was calculated on days 7 and 14 and the values are expressed as means ± SEM. *p < 0.05 compared with the control group. #p < 0.05 compared with the ulcer group. D through The levels of IL-1β (D), IL-6 (E), TNF-α (F) and IL-4 (G) were determined using ELISA kits. Values are expressed as means ± SEM. *p < 0.05 compared with the control group. #p < 0.05 compared with the ulcer group

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