Fig. 5

Effects of melatonin and erastin on cell apoptosis, autophagy, and ferroptosis in vivo. A Representative photographs of isolated tumor tissues at day 15 after treatment. The tumor tissues from four rows were taken from control group, melatonin group, erastin group, and melatonin + erastin group, respectively. TUNEL levels (B), SQSTM1/p62, LC3A/B, cleaved caspase-3, and PARP1 expression levels (C) were tested in the isolated tumors at day 15 after treatment. Iron levels in mice serum (D) and MDA levels in the isolated tumor tissues (E) were measured at day 15 after treatment. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Scale bars: 100 nm