Fig. 1

OA-RD17 inhibited inflammation, promoted re-epithelialization and granulation regeneration, and accelerated full-thickness wound healing in mice. A Representative images of full-thickness wound healing in mice after local application of PBS, rh-bFGF (100 ng/mL), OA-RD17 (1 nM), or scrambled peptide (1 nM) on postoperative days 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8. B Quantification of OA-RD17 on full-thickness wound regeneration in mice on postoperative days 2, 4, 6, and 8. C Representative H&E staining of wound tissue in mice on postoperative days 4 and 8. Yellow dotted lines represent areas of neoepithelium; Es: eschar; NE: neoepithelium; GT: regenerated granulation tissue; Yellow arrows represent quantified areas of regenerated granulation tissue; scale bar 200 μm. D, E Quantification of neo-epidermal and regranulation tissue thickness on postoperative days 4 and 8. F Representative images of immunohistochemical staining of epidermal cell proliferation factor Ki67 expression in epidermal region of wound tissues on postoperative day 8; red arrows indicate positive staining, scale bar 50 μm. G Quantitative expression of epidermal cell proliferation factor Ki67; positive expression is defined as intensity of positive staining per unit area. H Representative immunohistochemical images of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in wound area of mice on postoperative day 8; red arrows indicate positive staining, scale bar 50 μm. I-K Quantification of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression in wound area on day 8 after treatment; positive expression is defined as intensity of positive staining per unit area. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM from three independent experiments performed in quintuplicate; ns, no significance; **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, and ****P < 0.0001 indicate statistically significant difference compared to vehicle