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A novel recently evolved gene C19orf24 encodes a non-classical secreted protein

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters volume 11, pages 161–170 (2006)Cite this article

Abstract

Secreted proteins play important roles in many crucial biological processes, and can be new agents or targets for drug therapies. Here, we report on the isolation and characterization of a novel human non-classical secreted protein which is encoded by the hypothetical gene C19orf24 (chromosome 19 open reading frame 24). It has no signal peptide, but can still secrete extracellularly despite the presence of the inhibitor brefeldin A (BFA), proving its non-classical secreted protein status. Via subcellular localization using C19orf24 in vivo and transfected pEYFP-Golgi plasmid in Hela cells, C19orf24 was shown not to co-localize in the Golgi apparatus, which suggested that it secretes via a new and unknown pathway. Deglycosylation analysis with PNGase F verified that it has no N-glycosylation modification sites. Via the reverse transcription-PCR method, it was found to be expressed only in the human liver, and preferentially in normal tissue. In addition, C19orf24 was shown to be a recently evolved gene, found only in Homo sapiens and Pan troglodytes. By calculating its synonymous and non-synonymous substitution rate (d S/d N), we found that it experienced a purifying selection, which suggests that C19orf24 may have a special, irreplaceable biological function in the human organism.

Abbreviations

BFA:

brefeldin A

C19orf24:

chromosome 19 open reading frame 24

CL:

cell lysate

CM:

culture media

d S/d N :

synonymous and non-synonymous substitution rate

GH:

growth hormone

TRX:

theoredoxin

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Affiliations

  1. School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.1954 Hua-Shan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China

    Xin-Rong Wang & Jian-Hua Liu

  2. Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, No.351 Guo Shou-Jing Rd., Shanghai, 201203, China

    Xin-Rong Wang, Yu-Bo Zhou, Feng Liu, Ke-Sheng Wang, Yan Shen & Ze-Guang Han

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  1. Xin-Rong Wang
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  2. Yu-Bo Zhou
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  3. Feng Liu
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  4. Ke-Sheng Wang
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  5. Yan Shen
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  6. Jian-Hua Liu
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  7. Ze-Guang Han
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Correspondence to Ze-Guang Han.

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Wang, XR., Zhou, YB., Liu, F. et al. A novel recently evolved gene C19orf24 encodes a non-classical secreted protein. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 11, 161–170 (2006). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11658-006-0014-6

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Key words

  • C19orf24
  • Late evolution
  • Non-classical secreted protein
  • BFA

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

ISSN: 1689-1392

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