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Decreased protein nitration in macrophages that overexpress indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters volume 12, pages 82–102 (2007)Cite this article

Abstract

The activity of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO; E.C. 1.13.11.42) catalyzes the oxidative cleavage of tryptophan to form kynurenine. IDO activity consumes superoxide anions; therefore, we postulated that over-expression of IDO might mitigate superoxide-anion dependent, oxidative modification of cellular proteins in vitro. We prepared and characterized RAW 264.7 macrophages that were stably transfected with either an IDO expression vector or the control (empty) vector. We detected IDO mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity in the IDO-transfected macrophages, but not in the macrophages transfected with the empty vector. To generate superoxide anions in situ, we treated the IDO-and control-transfected cultures with xanthine or hypoxanthine, and then used ELISA methods to quantitate the relative levels of oxidatively modified proteins in total cell lysates. The levels of protein carbonyls were similar in IDO-transfected and vector-transfected macrophages; however, protein nitration was significantly less in IDO-transfected cells compared to control transfectants. In addition, steady-state levels of superoxide anions were significantly lower in the IDO-transfected cultures compared with control transfectants. Our results are consistent with the concept that, besides degrading tryptophan, IDO activity may protect cells from oxidative damage.

Abbreviations

CMV:

cytomegalovirus

H2O2 :

hydrogen peroxide

IDO:

indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase

NAD:

nicotinamide adenine dinucleotid

NO:

nitric oxide

ONOO-:

peroxynitrite

O2 ⊎- :

superoxide anion

PBS:

phosphate buffered saline (pH 7.4)

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

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Author notes

  1. Derin B. Keskin

    Present address: Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

  2. Debra A. Gearhart

    Present address: Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Derin B. Keskin, Brendan Marshall, David Munn & Andrew L. Mellor

  2. Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA

    Debra A. Gearhart

  3. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Medical Research Service, Augusta, Georgia, USA

    Debra A. Gearhart

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  1. Derin B. Keskin
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Keskin, D.B., Marshall, B., Munn, D. et al. Decreased protein nitration in macrophages that overexpress indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase. Cell Mol Biol Lett 12, 82–102 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11658-006-0048-9

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Key words

  • RAW 264.7 macrophages
  • Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase
  • Oxidative stress
  • Protein oxidation
  • Superoxide anion

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

ISSN: 1689-1392

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