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Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow and subcutaneous adipose tissue into pancreatic islet-like clusters in vitro

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters volume 18, pages 75–88 (2013)Cite this article

Abstract

Although stem cells are present in various adult tissues and body fluids, bone marrow has been the most popular source of stem cells for treatment of a wide range of diseases. Recent results for stem cells from adipose tissue have put it in a position to compete for being the leading therapeutic source. The major advantage of these stem cells over their counterparts is their amazing proliferative and differentiation potency. However, their pancreatic lineage transdifferentiation competence was not compared to that for bone marrow-derived stem cells. This study aims to identify an efficient source for transdifferentiation into pancreatic islet-like clusters, which would increase potential application in curative diabetic therapy. The results reveal that mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) derived from bone marrow and subcutaneous adipose tissue can differentiate into pancreatic islet-like clusters, as evidenced by their islet-like morphology, positive dithizone staining and expression of genes such as Nestin, PDX1, Isl 1, Ngn 3, Pax 4 and Insulin. The pancreatic lineage differentiation was further corroborated by positive results in the glucose challenge assay. However, the results indicate that bone marrow-derived MSCs are superior to those from subcutaneous adipose tissue in terms of differentiation into pancreatic islet-like clusters. In conclusion, bone marrow-derived MSC might serve as a better alternative in the treatment of diabetes mellitus than those from adipose tissue.

Abbreviations

ADSC:

adipose-derived stem cells

APC:

allophycocyanin

BD-FACS:

Becton Dickinson-fluorescent activated cell sorting

BM:

bone marrow

BMSC:

bone marrow-derived stem cells

CD:

cluster of differentiation

Cy:

cyanine

DMEM-LG:

Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium - low glucose

DPBS:

Dulbecco’s phosphate buffer saline

DTZ:

dithizone

ECM:

extracellular matrix

EDTA:

ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid

FBS:

fetal bovine serum

FITC:

fluorescein isothiocyanate

IDT:

integrated DNA technologies

HLA-DR:

human leukocyte antigen-DR

Isl 1:

islet 1

MSC:

mesenchymal stem cells

Ngn 3:

neurogenin 3

Pax 4:

paired box gene 4

PDX 1:

pancreatic duodenal homeobox 1

PE:

phyco erythrin

PER-CP:

peridininchlorophyll-protein-complex

SVF:

stromal vascular fraction

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lifeline Multispeciality Hospitals, Perungudi, Chennai, India

    Dhanasekaran Marappagounder & Rajkumar Janavikula Sankaran

  2. Loyola College, Nungambakkam, Chennai, India

    Indumathi Somasundaram & Sudarsanam Dorairaj

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  1. Dhanasekaran Marappagounder
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  2. Indumathi Somasundaram
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  3. Sudarsanam Dorairaj
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  4. Rajkumar Janavikula Sankaran
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Correspondence to Dhanasekaran Marappagounder.

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Marappagounder, D., Somasundaram, I., Dorairaj, S. et al. Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human bone marrow and subcutaneous adipose tissue into pancreatic islet-like clusters in vitro . Cell Mol Biol Lett 18, 75–88 (2013). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11658-012-0040-5

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Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters

ISSN: 1689-1392

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